
Tumor spinal metastasis, in reality there are many patients suffering from it. A foreign research report pointed out that, in the malignant tumor patients autopsy found that 70 percent of the patients with malignant tumor have developed spinal metastasis, it can be said that the cancer cells like to metastasize the place is the spine.
Teng lizang, director of tumor surgery department of the first affiliated hospital of zhejiang university medical college, pointed out that lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and other cancers are particularly prone to spinal metastasis, if patients have lower back pain and other symptoms must pay high attention. For the long time for lumbago, the elderly, routine physical examination recommended to increase imaging examination.
Mr. Wang, 54 years old this year, has run an enterprise in longyou, usually do not smoke, do not drink, good habits and habits, in addition to a few years ago detected disc herniation, has not been born with what serious disease, conscious health.
More than two months ago, Mr. Wang suddenly felt a little pain in the small of your back, back, like smoke live, standing or walking the whole person feel particularly heavy, thought it was recurrent disc herniation, he went for a few weeks for massage, physiotherapy treatment, but the effect is not good, then go to a local hospital for a comprehensive inspection, only to find that not only the blood tumor markers in the abnormally high index of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea), lungs and a few lumps, doubt is peripheral lung cancer.
Thinking that he didn't have chest pain or hemoptysis, Mr. Wang immediately made an appointment for pet-ct examination in a big hospital. The result showed that there were not only lumps in the lungs, enlarged lymph nodes, but also bad signs in many vertebrae and ribs.
The illness hit him hard without noticing. A few days ago, he found teng lizuan, director of tumor surgery in the first hospital of zhejiang university. Teng lizao introduced, "in addition to the pain, magnetic resonance examination also found that he had a compression fracture of the thoracic vertebra, spinal stability is weakened, we on the one hand asked him to reduce activity, on the other hand, we have combined with orthopaedic consultation, the following will first on his spinal function surgery."
Tumor cells metastasize to the spine, which can have a significant impact on a healthy spine. The spine is the backbone of the body, with functions such as load bearing, shock absorption, protection and movement. After cancer cell metastases to spinal column, can appear corrode bone, corrode the phenomenon such as spinal column, besides bring aching feeling, still can affect the intensity of spinal column and stability, abate spinal column function, fall in the compression of human body oneself weight, bring about pathological fracture very likely. Severe spinal displacement can also lead to high paraplegia, loss of trunk sensation, immobility, incontinence, and other complications or tumor syndrome, affecting the quality of life and safety of patients.
Bone metastasis is a common type of tumor metastasis in the whole body. Teng lisend professor pointed out that it should be noted that bone metastasis is not equal to the primary bone tumor, often caused by lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and other secondary tumors, some cancers "like" to the spine, we should correctly understand, rational treatment, scientific treatment.
Treatment for these diseases is usually targeted at the primary tumor, so identifying the cause, the cancer that caused the spinal metastasis, is essential.
Most patients with spinal metastasis or bone metastasis are advanced patients, and the local treatment effect is not obvious. Therefore, doctors will treat the primary tumor with the cause. For example, in this case, the patient with lung cancer should carry out systemic drug treatment for lung cancer, and use some drugs for spinal metastasis to control.
Of course, with the development of medical technology and philosophy, it is possible to remove tumors from the spine surgically, considering the important support function of the spine to the human body, but it is more important to maintain stable and protective functions.
Prevention combined, experts recommend
A lot of tumor spine metastases patient, it is to appear above all the symptom such as spinal pain, also because of this, regular meeting is mistaken for disease such as cervical vertebra disease, lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, cause misdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. Therefore, early prevention is very important.
Cancer patients, especially those with lung, breast and prostate cancer, need regular ect examination, whole-body bone scan and screening. Once appear the symptom such as lumbago backache, neck shoulder ache, should cause attention, seek medical advice in time.
Patients with no history of cancer, but long-term pain, should also follow the doctor's advice to increase imaging tests when visiting orthopedics or other departments.
For the majority of middle-aged and elderly people, it is recommended to have regular physical examination every year. According to different ages, the physical examination items need to include imaging examination of different parts and examination of common tumor markers. For those who have bad habits, it is also recommended to have regular annual check-ups.
85% of people have experienced lumbago and leg pain in their lives, and many people get the diagnosis of "curvature straightening" and "backbow". Despite the talk of "straightening your back" and "puffing your chest out," the normal, healthy shape of your spine is the s-shape of your lumbar lordosis, which allows you to carry your weight with minimal effort.
Yin ganghui, deputy chief physician of the first region of spinal column in the third affiliated hospital of southern medical university, said that people's life, strain, trauma, infection, tumor and other factors may lead to problems in the structure of the lumbar spine, shape changes, and thus produce pain.
How does lumbago deal with commonly? If the pain is only caused by fatigue, more than 60 percent of the pain can be relieved by taking measures such as bed rest, hot compress on the waist, or supplemented with anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, Yin said. The lower back pain that can be relieved is most likely caused by muscle strain, fasciitis, or ligamentitis, and is not a serious condition.
Only after such a simple treatment can not alleviate the back pain, only need to go to the hospital. If in the state of rest at night, low back pain more than tolerable, sleep pain woke up or lower back pain combined with numbness and pain, it should be paid attention to, need to check the possibility of tumors in the spinal canal.
If there is no pain lying flat, sitting, standing for a long time, weight will be painful, may prompt lumbar disc problems, also need timely medical treatment. The elderly supine motionless pain, turning up pain is severe, is likely to be caused by osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture, not careless.
If lower back pain is accompanied by numbness or pain in the lower extremities, fever, chills, chronic cough, or perineal numbness, weakness in urine or feces, or even incontinence, it is often a sign of more serious illness, the former may indicate spinal infection, the latter may indicate caudata nerve syndrome, and these conditions need to be seen as soon as possible.
Known as the "number one killer of health", cancer has long been a nightmare for mankind. According to the latest data from the national cancer center, in 2015, there were 3.929 million cases and 2.338 million deaths of malignant tumors in China. The number of cancer patients in China is increasing year by year, and the annual related medical expenses exceed 220 billion yuan.
"One of the main reasons people turn pale when they talk about cancer is that most cancer patients are in advanced stages of treatment and miss the best opportunity for treatment." Chen wanqing, director of the office of early cancer diagnosis and treatment at the national cancer center.
Early tumor size is small, without metastasis, and it is easier to remove. Therefore, the earlier the malignant tumor tissue is detected, the better the patient's chance of survival will be. Taking lung cancer as an example, clinical data shows that the average five-year survival rate of early lung cancer is significantly higher than that of late lung cancer, said feng li, director of the department of traditional Chinese medicine at the cancer hospital of the Chinese academy of medical sciences.
The world health organization says one in three cancers can be cured by early detection. Early detection and surgical treatment through standardized screening can effectively reduce the pain and economic burden of cancer patients. Therefore, the medical community attaches great importance to early cancer screening.
China has always attached great importance to cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment. With financial support from the central government, China has carried out cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment in high-incidence rural areas, the huaihe river basin and some cities, as well as screening of rural women for "two cancers", said li bin, deputy director of the National Health Commission. At present, the early diagnosis rate of cancer in the project area exceeds 80%, and the treatment rate reaches 90%. The cancer mortality rate of the screening population is reduced by 46%, and the cost of diagnosis and treatment of early cases is nearly 70% lower than that of middle and late cases.
The reporter learned that the project of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer in rural areas has covered 234 project areas in 31 provinces, and the project of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer in urban areas has been carried out in 45 cities in 20 provinces. The state will also gradually expand the coverage of screening and early diagnosis and treatment of high-incidence cancers, so as to create conditions for carrying out opportunistic cancer screening.
When it comes to cancer screening, many people resist it in their hearts, because methods like gastroscopy and biopsy are not convenient or even painful. What's exciting, though, is the recent breakthrough in screening some cancers.
Take a tube of blood and you know if you have liver cancer – a technique that can detect early liver cancer in asymptomatic hepatitis b carriers by detecting mutations in free DNA and protein markers in the blood.
The technology, jointly developed by the cancer hospital research team of the Chinese academy of medical sciences and Beijing fanzongheng gene technology co., LTD, is expected to establish a more convenient, non-invasive and standardized screening program for liver cancer after strict clinical verification.
"A few years ago, using free DNA in the blood for early screening of liver cancer was largely impossible due to technical and cost constraints." Wang sizhen, co-founder and CEO of Beijing fab gene technology co., LTD., said that the development of liquid biopsy technology in the past three or four years has made it possible for such "black technology" to be transformed into early screening products and reach thousands of households.
An artificial intelligence cloud diagnosis technology has been applied in cervical cancer screening in some areas of China. The sampling agency collects the image information of cell specimens and transmits it to the cloud diagnosis platform through the Internet. Artificial intelligence automatically makes diagnosis, and pathologists only need to review and confirm the few positive results of artificial intelligence diagnosis, saving a lot of manual labor.
"This technique could also be used to screen for tumors from a variety of epithelial sources." Sun xiaorong, chief scientist at wuhan university's landin ai cytopathology research center, which developed the technology, said that the training of ai in the large sample size of cervical cancer screening has laid a good foundation for the application and promotion of the technology in other cancer screening.
Liquid biopsies of free DNA from cells enable scientists to perform accurate nucleic acid tests in the blood and solve clinical problems. The combined application of protein, nucleic acid, image and other types of markers increases the accuracy of cancer screening. The application of artificial intelligence and big data technology has improved the efficiency of cancer screening.
According to wang sizhen, with the technical foundation of these three aspects, the sensitivity and specificity of cancer screening will continue to improve.
"Cancer is far away from me," "the physical examination did not detect cancer," "cancer can not be cured, so there is no need to screen"… Cancer is scary and controllable, yet many people don't know enough about screening technology, don't understand enough about its importance, and even confuse screening with routine physical exams.
Cancer screening is a more specialized test that focuses on high-risk cancers, experts say. Although a small number of early cancers can be detected by routine checkups, they need to be identified with cancer screening programs.
Focusing cancer screening on high-risk groups can improve screening efficiency. "Taking early screening of liver cancer as an example, people infected with hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, liver cirrhosis, people with a history of chronic liver disease, etc. are more likely to develop liver cancer. Therefore, screening is more valuable and cost-effective." Chen wanqing said.
According to the cancer prevention and treatment information released by the National Health Commission, standardized cancer prevention physical examination can detect cancer early. Current techniques can detect most common cancers early. For example, low-dose spiral ct can be used to detect lung cancer, ultrasound combined with molybdenum target can be used to detect breast cancer, and gastroenteroscopy can be used to detect digestive tract cancer.
Expert proposal, do prevent cancer check-up, need to wait for a circumstance according to oneself age, living and working environment and habit, disease family history, in professional check-up orgnaization, choice individuation project.
"When you look at screening programs, the general population is not very receptive to screening for some cancers, for example, colorectal cancer screening is only 20 percent." Chen wanqing believes that the reduction of cancer incidence, death rate and economic burden caused by cancer through screening lies in the promotion of screening technology and wide application of the population.
In the next step, the country will formulate guidelines for screening, early diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal cancers, colorectal cancers, cervical cancers and other key cancers with high incidence and relatively mature screening methods and technical programs, and intensify promotion efforts, li said.